What is Secondhand Smoke?

• Secondhand smoke is a mixture of the smoke given off by the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar, and the smoke exhaled from the lungs of smokers.
• This mixture contains more than 4,000 substances, more than 40 are known to cause cancer in humans and animals and many are strong irritants.
• Secondhand smoke is also called environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); exposure to secondhand smoke is called involuntary smoking, or passive smoking.

Secondhand Smoke Can Cause Lung Cancer in Nonsmokers  

• Secondhand smoke has been classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a known cause of lung cancer in humans (Group A carcinogen).
• Passive smoking is estimated by EPA to cause approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths in nonsmokers each year.

Secondhand Smoke is a Serious Health Risk to Children

• The developing lungs of young children are also affected by exposure to secondhand smoke.
• Infants and young children whose parents smoke are among the most seriously affected by exposure to secondhand smoke, being at increased risk of lower respiratory tract   infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis. EPA estimates that passive smoking is responsible for between 150,000 and 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children under 18 months of age annually, resulting in between 7,500 and 15,000 hospitalizations each year.
• Children exposed to secondhand smoke are also more likely to have reduced lung function and symptoms of respiratory irritation like cough, excess phlegm, and wheeze.
• Passive smoking can lead to buildup of fluid in the middle ear, the most common cause of   hospitalization of children for an operation.
• Asthmatic children are especially at risk. EPA estimates that exposure to secondhand smoke increases the number of episodes and severity of symptoms in hundreds of  thousands of asthmatic children. EPA estimates that between 200,000 and 1,000,000 asthmatic children have their condition made worse by exposure to secondhand smoke.   Passive smoking may also cause thousands of non-asthmatic children to develop the condition each year.
  

Other Health Implications

• Exposure to secondhand smoke causes irritation of the eye, nose, and throat. Passive smoking can also irritate the lungs, leading to coughing, excess phlegm, chest discomfort, and reduced lung function.
• Secondhand smoke may affect the cardiovascular system, and some studies have linked   exposure to secondhand smoke with the onset of chest pain.